从2019年疫情爆发至今，疫情仍在各国持续蔓延。疫情为电商企业的发展带来了机遇和阻碍。本文分析全球企业500强内的电商企业（亚马逊、京东、阿里巴巴和苏宁易购），利用数据包络分析法，比较四家电商企业对于抵抗疫情这类全球性灾难情况下的抗风险能力。研究结果显示，（1）总体而言，四家电商企业疫情前期经营效率提升，但随着疫情的持续经营效率反而下降；（2）亚马逊作为电商企业的龙头企业，却对于疫情缺乏长期抗风险能力，在疫情长期影响下总体经营效率降低；（3）苏宁和京东抓住机遇及时调整规模方面问题，规模效率最终都达到DEA有效；（4）亚马逊、京东和苏宁在不同时期存在少量投入冗余、产出不足状况。

关键词：新冠疫情、数据包络分析法、优化策略、投入冗余、抗风险能力

Since the outbreak in 2019, the epidemic has continued to spread across all countries. The epidemic has brought both opportunities and obstacles to the development of e-commerce enterprises. This paper analyzes e-commerce enterprises (Amazon, Jingdong, Alibaba and Suning) in the global topic 500 enterprises using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to compare the risk resistance capabilities of four E-commerce enterprises in the case of global disasters such as COVID-19. The results demonstrate that (1) Overall, the operating efficiency of the four e-commerce enterprises improved in the early stage of the epidemic, but decreased with the continuous operation efficiency of the epidemic; (2) Amazon, as the leading E-commerce enterprise, lacks long-term risk resistance ability to the epidemic, and its overall operating efficiency decreases under the long-term impact of the epidemic; (3) Suning and Jingdong seize the opportunity to adjust the scale in a timely manner, and the scale efficiency finally reaches DEA effectiveness; (4) Amazon, Jingdong and Suning have a small amount of input slackness and insufficient output in different periods.

Keywords: COVID-19, Data Envelopment Analysis, Optimization Strategies, Input Slackness, Risk Resistance