随着各个国家之间经济交往地不断密切，国际收支作为衡量一国在国际经济中的重要因素，对国际间的贸易往来起着巨大的作用。国际收支会对一个国家的汇率、外汇储备、投资、资本国际流动等方面产生影响，而国际收支平衡对一国经济发展具有重要的意义。本文通过建立多元回归模型，以主要粮食净进口经济体1998年~2017年的相关数据，探究收入效应、投资效应、贸易效应、汇率效应与价格效应对主要粮食净进口经济体国际收支平衡的影响，并根据结果对主要粮食净进口经济体的国际收支的改善提出合理建议。

关键词：主要粮食净进口经济体、实际有效汇率、贸易进出口、国际收支

With the close economic exchanges between countries, the balance of payments, as an important factor in measuring a country’s international economy, plays an important role in international trade. The balance of payments will have an impact on a country’s exchange rate, foreign exchange reserves, investment, capital flow and so on, and the balance of payments is of great significance to a country’s economic development. By establishing a multiple regression model, this paper explores the effects of income effect, investment effect, trade effect, exchange rate effect and price effect on the balance of payments of major net food-importing economies by using the relevant data from 1998 to 2017. Reasonable suggestions are proposed on the improvement of the balance of payments of major net food importing economies according to the results.

Keywords: Major Net Food-importing Economies, Real Effective Exchange Rate, Import and Export Trade, Balance of Payments